Which organ converts and neutralizes ammonia from the circulatory system to urea?

• A. Kidney
• B. Liver
• C. Spleen
• D. Pancreas

Answer: (B)

The liver is responsible for converting and neutralizing ammonia into urea, a process that is vital for detoxifying the blood. Ammonia is a toxic byproduct of protein metabolism, and it is produced in the body during the breakdown of amino acids. The liver plays a critical role in the urea cycle, where ammonia is converted into urea, which is then safely excreted from the body through urine by the kidneys.

This function of the liver is essential for maintaining a stable internal environment (homeostasis), as high levels of ammonia in the blood can lead to serious health issues. By transforming ammonia into urea, the liver helps to ensure that waste products are efficiently removed from the bloodstream, reducing toxicity and supporting overall metabolic health. Understanding this function of the liver highlights its significance in metabolic processes and the role it plays in detoxification.

Other organs mentioned do not perform this specific conversion. For example, the kidneys are involved in filtering blood and excreting waste but do not convert ammonia into urea. The spleen is primarily involved in recycling blood cells and immune responses, while the pancreas has a different role related to digestion and blood sugar regulation.