Which of the following is the last step of infection control?

• A. Cleaning
• B. Disinfection
• C. Sterilization
• D. Personal protective equipment

Answer: (C)

The last step of infection control is sterilization. Sterilization involves the complete elimination of all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores. This process is critical in environments where the highest level of infection control is necessary, such as in medical facilities or when performing certain esthetic procedures.

While cleaning, disinfection, and the use of personal protective equipment all play vital roles in infection control, they do not achieve the complete elimination of all pathogens in the way that sterilization does. Cleaning is the initial physical removal of dirt and debris, which is essential but not sufficient on its own. Disinfection reduces the number of pathogens but does not necessarily eliminate all microorganisms. Personal protective equipment is crucial for protecting both the practitioner and the client but does not directly eliminate pathogens from surfaces or instruments.

Thus, understanding that sterilization is the final step highlights its importance in achieving the highest standard of infection control and safety within esthetic practices.